文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：中国旅行社业增长的要素贡献与空间分异

英文题名：The Factor Contribution and Spatial Differentiation of China.s Travel Agency Industry Growth

作者：庞世明[1]

机构：[1]北京联合大学应用科技学院

第一机构：北京联合大学应用科技学院

年份：2019

卷号：34

期号：5

起止页码：51-61

中文期刊名：旅游学刊

外文期刊名：Tourism Tribune

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；社科基金资助期刊;CSSCI:【CSSCI2019_2020】；

语种：中文

中文关键词：旅行社业;全要素生产率;要素贡献;空间分异

外文关键词：travel agency industry;total factor productivity;contribution of factor;spatial differentiation

摘要：文章构建了中国旅行社业柯布-道格拉斯生产函数的增加值模型,利用1997—2015年的区域面板数据来测算劳动、资本和全要素生产率对旅行社业增长的贡献和空间分异特征。研究表明:中国旅行社业的增长主要由要素驱动,全要素生产率无论是增长率和贡献率都非常低。从空间分异看,在东部地区,资本是旅行社业增长的主要驱动力,而在中部和西部地区,劳动是旅行社业增长的主要驱动力。研究结论较为符合"新结构经济学"的理论预期。该文的贡献还包括提出了利用旅行社业营业税金及附加数据来推导行业增加值的方法。
This paper built the value-added model of the Cobb-Douglas production function of China.s travel agency industry. The regional panel data from 1997 to 2015 was used to estimate the contribution and spatial differentiation characteristics of labor, capital and total factor productivity(TFP) to the growth of travel agency industry. In the previous literature which measure total factor productivity(TFP) of travel agencies, most took the operating income of travel agencies as the output index and the capital and labor of travel agencies as the input index. There was no estimation of intermediate products. This paper used the operating tax and additional data of travel agencies to deduce the added value of the industry. The research shows that the growth of China.s travel agency industry is mainly driven by factors, and total factor productivity(TFP) is very low in terms of growth rate and contribution rate. From the perspective of spatial differentiation, in the eastern region, capital is the main driving force for the growth of the travel agency industry, while in the central and western regions, labor is the main driving force.The conclusion is in line with the theoretical expectation of"new structural economics". The driving force of the travel agency industry growth is endogenously determined by the factor endowment structure of the region. With the price mechanism, in the economically developed regions of China(mainly in the east), the endowment structure of factors is shown as relatively abundant capital, and the travel agency industry shows the characteristics of capital-intensive industries, whose growth is mainly driven by capital. However, in economically underdeveloped regions(mainly the central and western regions), the endowment structure of factors is reflected in the relatively abundant labor force, and the travel agency industry shows the characteristics of labor-intensive industries, whose growth is mainly driven by labor. In terms of format and products, most travel agencies mainly focused on reception business in economically underdeveloped regions.The causes of low total factor productivity(TFP) of travel agencies are as follows. Firstly, the nonpatentability of tourism products leads to the weakening of travel agencies. enthusiasm for product innovation. Secondly, the process innovation of travel agencies depends on the degree of vertical integration, which is endogenous to the endowment structure of regional factors. Thirdly, due to the restrictions on foreign investment, domestic travel agencies have lost many opportunities to learn from foreign travel agencies, failing to optimize business processes and improve service quality.