文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Lack of adverse effects in a subchronic 90-day oral toxicity study of almond hull powder in Sprague-Dawley rats

作者：Yao, Yuyang[1];Liu, Juer[2,3];Cheng, Yanling[1,2,3];Miao, Qiming[1];Zhu, Xinyue[1];Xie, Jingyi[1];Zhang, Na[1];Hua, Wei[1];Huang, Guangwei[4];Lin, Xiangyang[5];Mi, Shengquan[1];Ruan, Roger[2]

第一作者：Yao, Yuyang

通讯作者：Cheng, YL[1];Mi, SQ[1];Cheng, YL[2];Ruan, RG[2]

机构：[1]Beijing Union Univ, Biochem Engn Coll, Beijing, Peoples R China;[2]Univ Minnesota, Ctr Biorefining, St Paul, MN 55108 USA;[3]Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN USA;[4]Almond Board Calif, Modesto, CA USA;[5]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Engn, Fuzhou, Peoples R China

第一机构：北京联合大学生物化学工程学院

通讯机构：[1]corresponding author), Beijing Union Univ, Biochem Engn Coll, Beijing, Peoples R China;[2]corresponding author), Univ Minnesota, Ctr Biorefining, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.|[1141726]北京联合大学生物化学工程学院;[11417]北京联合大学;

年份：2026

卷号：207

外文期刊名：FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001613822700002)】；

基金：This work was kindly supported by Almond Board of California and Center for Biorefining, grant number BIO-22-01-RR and BIO-22-01-YC. Special thanks are extended to Professor Jiangang Zhang from the Pathology Center of Lanzhou University for his support and assistance in the pathological analysis of this study.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Almond hull; Subchronic toxicity; Sprague-Dawley rats; Novel food ingredient; OECD 408; NOAEL

摘要：Almond hulls (AH) are a by-product of almond production, contain bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. This study evaluated the subchronic toxicity of AH in a 90-day oral toxicity study following OECD Guideline 408. Sprague-Dawley rats (96 total, 48 per sex) were assigned into four groups and fed diets containing AH at concentrations of 0 %, 0.625 %, 1.25 %, and 2.5 %, equivalent to doses of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight/day. Rats were observed daily for clinical signs, with body weight and food consumption were recorded weekly. At the end of the study, hematology, clinical biochemistry, organ weights, and histopathology were assessed. No treatment-related adverse effects were observed in any group, including no changes in clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, or motor activity. Hematology and biochemical parameters were within normal ranges, and histopathology showed no abnormalities. The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for AH was determined to be 2.5 %, the highest dose tested, equivalent to 2000 mg/kg body weight/day. These findings confirm the safety of AH as a functional food ingredient. Combined with previous evidence showing no genotoxicity at doses up to 5000 mg/kg, AH is considered safe for human consumption at levels exceeding 322.58 mg/kg/day based on body weight.