文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：中国老年人认知障碍患病率的变化趋势:教育水平提高的作用

英文题名：Trends in the Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment among the Chinese Elderly:The Effect of Rising Levels of Education

作者：郭帅[1];刘尚君[1];肖阳梅[2];宋新明[1]

第一作者：郭帅

机构：[1]北京大学人口研究所,北京100871;[2]北京联合大学特殊教育学院,北京100020

第一机构：北京大学人口研究所,北京100871

年份：2021

期号：2

起止页码：74-80

中文期刊名：残疾人研究

外文期刊名：Disability Research

收录：国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;CSSCI:【CSSCI_E2021_2022】；

基金：社科基金重大项目“以健康中国战略为基础,实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略”(21ZDA107)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：认知障碍;教育;老年人

外文关键词：Cognitive impairment;Education;Older people

摘要：准确认识和把握我国老年人认知障碍的变化趋势和影响趋势变化的关键因素,对于相关规划和政策的制定至关重要。本研究采用中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查在2002—2019年间的六轮数据,分析了我国65—105岁老年人认知障碍患病率的变化趋势,重点探索了教育水平提高对认知障碍趋势的影响及其性别差异。结果显示,在控制人口年龄结构的影响后,我国老年人认知障碍患病率呈现明显的下降趋势,认知障碍标准化患病率从2002年的14.3%下降到2017—2019年的10.2%,下降了28.7%;老年人受教育水平的提高是这一下降趋势的主要影响因素,可解释下降62%的原因,且这一影响存在显著的性别差异。研究结果提示,通过早期教育和认知刺激产生的“认知储备”可能是痴呆和认知障碍一级预防的有效策略。进一步加强儿童教育,尤其是加强欠发达地区儿童和残疾儿童教育,将有助于降低我国未来痴呆和认知障碍的负担。
Better understanding the trends in cognitive impairment(CI) among the Chinese elderly and key factors influencing the trends is crucial for developing relevant programs and policies Using the data from the six waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey during 2002-2019, we analyzed the trends in the prevalence of CI among the Chinese elderly aged 65-105 years, focusing on the effect of rising levels of education on the trends and its gender differences The results showed that the prevalence of CI decreased significantly during the study period after controlling for population age structure The age standardized prevalence of CI decreased from 14 3% in 2002 to 10 2% in 2017-2019, representing a relative decrease of 28 7% Rising levels of education among older adults were mainly responsible for the decline, accounting for 62% of the relative decrease in CI prevalence, and there was a significant gender difference in this effect The findings suggested that "cognitive reserve" resulting from early-life education and cognitive stimulation may be an effective strategy for primary prevention of dementia and cognitive impairment Further strengthening education in childhood, especially for children in less developed areas and children with disabilities, will help reduce the future burden of dementia and cognitive impairment in China.