文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：化工园区内丙烯蒸气云爆燃特性与事故后果分析

英文题名：Analysis of deflagration characteristics and accident consequences of propylene vapor cloud in chemical industrial park

作者：周爱华[1];修子豪[2];芈家慧[3]

第一作者：周爱华

机构：[1]北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京100191;[2]中国人民公安大学治安学院,北京100038;[3]上海海事大学海洋科学与工程学院,上海201306

第一机构：北京联合大学应用文理学院

年份：2025

卷号：25

期号：12

起止页码：4720-4731

中文期刊名：安全与环境学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Safety and Environment

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

语种：中文

中文关键词：安全工程;丙烯;GIS技术;FLACS模拟;爆燃

外文关键词：safety engineering;propylene;GIS technology;FLACS simulation;deflagration

摘要：为探究化工园区内重大危险源装置发生完全断裂泄漏时的爆燃特性,运用GIS技术构建了全尺寸物理模型,并结合FLACS软件对丙烯蒸气云爆燃过程开展了模拟研究,揭示了气云尺寸及当量比对火焰传播过程及超压分布特征的影响规律,评估了冲击波超压对人员密集场所的危害程度。结果表明,火焰横向半径传播至最远距离后,因能量的消耗致横向扩展动力不足,浮力等向上作用的动力占据优势,推动火焰向纵向发展,形成蘑菇云状火焰结构。且气云尺寸越大,爆燃后期该火焰形态形状越显著。不同气云尺寸下,超压峰值随测点与点火点距离增加呈先增后减趋势,在测点P2处达到峰值。爆燃所产生的冲击波超压高于6.9 kPa的危险区域最远至点火中心约210 m,其中二部控制室所受冲击波超压高于6.9 kPa,需进行抗爆设计。研究为化工园区危险源管控与安全防护设计提供了理论支撑与实践参考。
To investigate the deflagration characteristics of a major hazard installation in a chemical industrial park under conditions of complete fracture and leakage,a full-scale physical model was developed using Geographic Information System(GIS)technology.Coupled with FLACS software,a simulation study of the propane vapor cloud deflagration process was conducted.The analysis focused on the effects of vapor cloud size and equivalence ratio on flame propagation and overpressure distribution,as well as the potential impact of shockwave overpressure on densely populated areas.The results indicate that after the lateral spread of the flame reaches its maximum extent,the expansion momentum decreases due to energy dissipation,while upward forces such as buoyancy become more dominant.These forces drive the flame to develop vertically,resulting in a mushroom-shaped flame structure.Furthermore,as the vapor cloud size increases,this flame morphology becomes more pronounced in the later stages of deflagration.For varying vapor cloud sizes,the peak overpressure initially increases and then decreases with distance from the ignition point,reaching its maximum at measurement point P2.Specifically,when the vapor cloud size is 35 m x 35 m×35 m,the maximum peak overpressure is 33.16 kPa.In contrast,when the vapor cloud size expands to 45 m x 45 m x 45 m,the maximum peak overpressure rises significantly to 59.44 kPa,reflecting an increase of 79.2%compared to the smaller vapor cloud size.However,as the vapor cloud volume continues to increase,the growth trend of peak overpressure gradually weakens and stabilizes.For vapor cloud sizes of 55 m×55 m×55 m,65 m x 65 m x 65 m,and 75m x 75 m x 75 m,the corresponding peak overpressures are 66.06 kPa,66.30 kPa,and 66.19 kPa,respectively,showing only modest increases of 11.2%,0.4%,and-0.1%.When the equivalence ratio is 1.0 and the vapor cloud volume measures 75 m×75 m x 75m,the resulting shockwave overpressure and hazardous range are maximized.The area where the shockwave overpressure exceeds 6.9kPa extends approximately 210 m from the ignition center.Notably,the second control room experiences a shockwave overpressure exceeding 6.9 kPa,necessitating the implementation of blast-resistant design measures.