文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：服务贸易多层次协同开放与治理路径研究--基于多边、区域与自主开放互动视角

英文题名：Research on Multi-level Coordinated Opening-up and Governance Pathways for Service Trade-From the Interactive Perspective of Multilateral,Regional and Autonomous Opening-up

作者：梁瑞[1];郝朔[2]

第一作者：梁瑞

机构：[1]北京联合大学商务学院,北京100025;[2]北华航天工业学院经济管理学院,河北廊坊065000

第一机构：北京联合大学商务学院

年份：2025

期号：5

起止页码：59-69

中文期刊名：开放导报

外文期刊名：China Opening Journal

基金：国家社会科学基金重大项目:RCEP对亚太区域价值链重构的影响机制及应对策略研究(22&ZD178)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：服务贸易;多层次协同开放;治理路径;多边开放;区域开放;自主开放

外文关键词：Service Trade;Multi-level Coordinated Opening-up;Governance Pathways;Multilateral Opening-up;Regional Opening-up;Autonomous Opening-up

摘要：服务贸易正成为全球经济竞争的战略制高点。当前,全球已形成由多边、区域与自主开放构成的服务贸易多层次开放体系:以GATS为基石的多边开放奠定国际服务贸易规则基础,以RTAs为基础的区域开放拓展和深化多边开放框架,以自主自由化为基础的自主开放形成主动可控的开放新模式。然而,该体系在驱动高水平开放的同时,因内部张力衍生出规则碎片化与“意大利面碗”效应、监管分化与治理冲突、多维规则制衡与制度性协同不足三类协同困境。数字贸易规则作为当前服务贸易谈判中最前沿、最具争议的领域,是上述所有困境和动力的一个集中体现。为有效整合并充分发挥多层次开放体系的联动效应,提升服务贸易整体发展效能,在多边层面,要增强制度规则向心力与约束力,引领全球治理体系协同;在区域层面,倡导规则兼容与发展包容,强化区域贸易协定的“垫脚石”功能;在国家层面,提升规则运用能力与治理效能,筑牢开放发展的国内根基。此外,中国要以制度型开放为战略统领,推动多边、区域和自主开放良性互动与循环增效。
Service trade is emerging as a strategic vantage point in global economic competition.Currently,a multi-tiered open system for service trade has taken shape globally,encompassing multilateral,regional and autonomous opening-up.Multilateral opening-up,anchored by the General Agreement on Trade in Services(GATS),lays the foundation for international service trade rules.Regional opening-up,based on Regional Trade Agreements(RTAs),expands and deepens the multilateral framework.Autonomous opening-up,grounded in voluntary deregulation,fosters a proactive and controllable new model of openness.However,while driving high-standard opening-up,this system has given rise to three types of collaborative dilemmas due to internal tensions:rule fragmentation and the“spaghetti bowl”effect,regulatory divergence and governance conflicts,and inadequate multidimensional rule balancing and institutional synergy.Digital trade rules,as the most cutting-edge and contentious area in current service trade negotiations,serve as a concentrated manifestation of all these dilemmas and dynamics.To effectively integrate and leverage the synergistic effects of the multi-tiered open system and enhance the overall development efficacy of service trade,at the multilateral level,it is essential to strengthen the cohesiveness and binding force of institutional rules to guide global governance system coordination.At the regional level,promoting rule compatibility and developmental inclusiveness is crucial to reinforce the“stepping stone”function of regional trade agreements.At the national level,enhancing rule application capabilities and governance efficacy is vital to solidify the domestic foundation for open development.Furthermore,China should adopt institutional opening-up as a strategic overarching principle to drive positive interactions and cyclical enhancements among multilateral,regional and autonomous opening-up.