文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：数字化与组织变革组态如何破解中小企业数字化转型悖论

英文题名：How Do the Configuration of Digitization and OrganizationChange Solve the Digital Transformation Paradox of SMEs?

作者：李立威[1];黄艺涵[1]

第一作者：李立威

机构：[1]北京联合大学管理学院,北京100101

第一机构：北京联合大学管理学院

年份：2023

卷号：40

期号：24

起止页码：101-110

中文期刊名：科技进步与对策

外文期刊名：Science & Technology Progress and Policy

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSSCI:【CSSCI2023_2024】；

基金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BGL237)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：中小企业;数字化转型悖论;QCA;组织变革

外文关键词：SMEs;Digital Transformation Paradox;Qualitative Comparative Analysis;Organization Change

摘要：面对数字化转型悖论,中小企业如何通过数字化转型驱动自身绩效提升,成为亟待解决的问题。基于IT—业务战略匹配理论与互补理论,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法,探究数字化与组织变革中的组织战略、组织结构、业务流程、人力资本、商业模式5个维度组态效应对中小企业创新绩效和财务绩效的影响。结果发现,数字化和组织变革驱动中小企业财务绩效与创新绩效提升的路径不同,中小企业存在两种实现高财务绩效的路径和3种实现高创新绩效的路径,以及一种导致非高财务绩效的路径和两种引致非高创新绩效的路径,且存在一种组态可以同时产生高创新绩效和高财务绩效,即数字化、组织结构变革、业务流程变革和商业模式创新4个条件为核心条件。数字化或组织变革的单个条件不构成中小企业数字化转型绩效提升的必要条件,数字化与组织变革不同维度匹配对企业绩效提升非常重要,数字化程度较高企业与数字化程度较低企业实现高绩效的路径有所不同。结论可为解释实践中的数字化转型悖论提供新见解,进而为中小企业实现数字化与组织变革不同维度的耦合匹配提供实践启示。
Digital transformation has become an inevitable choice for small and medium-sized enterprises.However,in practice,the application of digital technology has not improved the performance of enterprises,resulting in the digital transformation paradox.Whether digital transformation can promote the performance of SMEs depends not only on the application of digital technology but also on the alignment between digital technology and organizational change factors.The alignment between digital technology and organizational change is the key to realizing the value of digital technologies.Although some studies point out that human capital,organizational structure,and other organizational change elements should be paid attention to in the digital transformation process,how to match these organizational change elements with digital technologies to improve the performance of SMEs has not been fully studied.Aiming at the above problems,this paper collects the survey data of 221 small and medium-sized enterprises in China and uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method to explore how the configuration of digitization and the five dimensions of organizational change-organization strategy,organization structure,business process,human capital and business model innovation affect the financial performance and innovation performance of SMEs.The results show that digitization and organization change factors drive SMEs'financial performance and innovation performance in different ways.There are two paths for realizing high financial performance and three paths for realizing high innovation performance,and there are one path for leading non-high financial performance and two paths for leading non-high innovation performance.First,a single element such as digitization and organizational change factors is not the necessary condition for SMEs to achieve high digital transformation performance.The digital transformation performance of SMEs is affected by the configuration and synergistic effects of digitization and organizational change.Second,there are two configuration paths for small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve high financial performance:driven by business model innovation in the absence of digital strategies,and driven by collaborative innovation in organizational structure,business processes,and business models in highly digital situations.Third,there are three configuration paths for SMEs to achieve high innovation performance:the first path is to be collaboratively driven by organizational structure,human capital and business process change;the second is to be driven by human capital with digital strategy;and the third is to be synergistically driven by business process,business model and organizational structure with a high degree of digitization.Fourth,there is one configuration path of non-high financial performance and two configuration paths of non-high innovation performance in digital transformation.Business model innovation and organizational structure change are the core conditions in these three configurations.Fifth,the impact mechanisms of digitization and organizational change on corporate financial performance and innovation performance have both similarities and differences.From the perspective of similarity,the matching between digitization and organizational structure plays an important role in improving the financial performance and innovation performance;from the perspective of differences,the matching of digitization and business processes plays a synergistic role in improving the financial performance,while the matching of digitization and human capital plays a synergistic role in improving the innovation performance.In summary,this paper adopts the configuration method to confirm the complex influence mechanism of different dimensions of digitization and organizational change on enterprise performance,and expands the research on the complementary and matching mechanism between information technology and organizational change;moreover,it integrates the financial performance and innovation performance of digital transformation into the research framework,and enriches the research on the relationship between digital transformation and enterprise's performance;by confirming that the antecedent configuration of high and non-high transformation performance is asymmetrical,the study deepens the theoretical understanding on the mechanism of digital transformation paradox.These research conclusions provide new insights for explaining the paradox of digital transformation,and valuable enlightenment for small and medium-sized enterprises to realize the alignment and matching between digitization and organizational change.SMEs should attach importance to the alignment of digital technology and elements of different dimensions of organizational change to avoid the paradox of digital transformation and consider the different alignment relationships between digitization and the different dimensions of organizational change.