文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：用于定向播种的玉米种穗图像精选方法

英文题名：Corn ears image selection method for directional seeding

作者：王侨[1];陈兵旗[1];杨曦[1];刘长青[2]

第一作者：王侨

通讯作者：Chen, Bingqi

机构：[1]中国农业大学工学院;[2]北京联合大学机电学院

第一机构：中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

年份：2015

卷号：31

期号：1

起止页码：170-177

中文期刊名：农业工程学报

外文期刊名：Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20151000594732);Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-84923824676);北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2012AA10A501-5)

语种：中文

中文关键词：图像处理;机器视觉;粮食;玉米种穗;精选

外文关键词：image processing;computer vision;grain;corn ears;selection

摘要：玉米定向播种,要求籽粒形状扁平、具有方向性。为了减少玉米粒精选的工作量,该文以玉米种穗为对象,研究适合定向播种的玉米种穗图像精选方法。设计玉米种穗精选传输装置,实现了对玉米种穗的动态图像采集和精选。根据种穗的外形特征判断小种穗;利用R+G-2B方法加强黄色籽粒区域,根据黄色籽粒区域与整个种穗的面积比判断缺粒及霉变种穗;利用种穗图像的横向和纵向像素值累计分布特征,追踪中间穗行的籽粒轮廓,并通过其端面矩形度,判断籽粒合格的种穗。随机抽检50个种穗样本,结果表明:外形特征的检测准确率为100%,缺粒及霉变的检测准确率为96%,穗上籽粒端面矩形度的检测准确率为98%,总体检测准确率为94%。该文为定向播种用玉米籽粒精选前期的种穗精选提供了一种图像识别方法。
Corn production occupies an extremely important strategic position in grain production and grain security. Seeds are the most basic means of production in crop production, and the quality of seeds directly affects the subsequent crop cultivation, harvest yield and quality of grain. Moreover, directional seeding of corn can effectively improve the yield of corn, and it is necessary to select seeds before planting. Certainly, to choose good corn ears for threshing can get better corn seeds, which can lighten the workload of subsequent seeds selection and also improve efficiency. So, this study designed the scheme of corn ears selection device based on machine vision, and developed the selection algorithm for corn ears on the dynamic assembly line, which could complete the detection of the corn ears. First, the binary image of the corn ear to be detected was gained according to Otsu method, and after tracking the whole corn ear’s contour, the length ratio between the long axis and short axis of the corn ear’s contour was calculated. Then, by using the formula, R plus G minus B times 2, the area with yellow characteristics was strengthened and was even extracted after histogram threshold segmentation, and so the plumpness of the corn ear was detected by calculating the ratio of the extracted area and the whole area of the corn ear. Further, based on the characteristics of X cumulative distribution diagram, the middle ear row was extracted by tracking the seams’ edge between ear rows. Also, based on the characteristics of ear row’s Y cumulative distribution diagram, every seed in the middle ear row was extracted by using the method of threshold segmentation, and then the length-width ratio of their end-face was calculated by tracking their contour. And the flatness of the seeds was acquired. For the corn ears’ video file acquired on the dynamic assembly line, only when the vertical coordinate of corn ear’s center is located in image’s central region, do the relevant frame image is tested. According to the characteristic parameter, the length ratio between the long axis and short axis of corn ears, the small corn ears were eliminated. The plumpness of corn ears, the corn ears which were mildewed or seriously lacked seeds were eliminated by the characteristic parameter, and, the flatness of corn ears, the corn ears in which the end-face of corn seeds were mostly round were eliminated by those parameters. This corn ears selection algorithm can rapidly and accurately detect the various characteristic parameters of corn ears, and finally determines their eligibility. In the experiment, 50 random samples of corn ears were detected, and the results showed that the determination accuracy of dynamic location was 100%, the recognition accuracy of identical corn ears was 100%, the detection accuracy of morphological characteristics was 100%, the detection accuracy of corn ears’ plumpness （on the other hand, the degree of seed lack or mildew） was 96%, the detection accuracy of rectangular degree of seeds’ end-face in corn ears is 98%, and the overall detection accuracy was 94%. This paper provides reference for the research on corn ears selection as well as corn seeds selection which is served for directional seeding. This paper provides reference for the research on corn ears selection early in corn seeds selection which is served for directional seeding.