文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：汉江流域郧县盆地柳陂酒厂和吴家沟旧石器遗址的年代学初步研究

英文题名：CHRONOLOGY OF THE LIUBEIJIUCHANG AND WUJIAGOU PALEOLITHIC SITES IN THE YUNXIAN BASIN ALONG THE HANJIANG RIVER VALLEY

作者：刘登科[1];孙雪峰[1];陆成秋[2];易亮[3];涂华[4];冯小波[5];郭小奇[1]

第一作者：刘登科

机构：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210023;[2]湖北省文物考古研究所,湖北武汉430077;[3]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092;[4]汕头大学海洋生物研究所,广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室,广东汕头515063;[5]北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京100191

第一机构：南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210023

年份：2022

卷号：42

期号：2

起止页码：577-591

中文期刊名：第四纪研究

外文期刊名：Quaternary Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41972185)资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：汉江流域;郧县盆地;柳陂酒厂遗址;吴家沟遗址;磁性地层学;黄土-古土壤

外文关键词：Hanjiang River Valley;Yunxian Basin;Liubeijiuchang site;Wujiagou site;magnetostratigraphy;loess-paleosol sequence

摘要：近些年来较多旧石器遗址逐渐在秦岭南麓汉江流域被发现和研究,其中少数遗址开展了测年研究工作,研究揭示出这些遗址年代横跨了早、中和晚更新世,但总体而言年代序列仍显薄弱。基于磁性地层学、黄土-古土壤序列和释光定年法在第四纪黄土堆积中的成功应用,我们采用这3种方法组合的综合定年策略对汉江流域郧县盆地内的柳陂酒厂和吴家沟旧石器遗址进行了测年研究。柳陂酒厂遗址剖面深度为18.0 m,其0.6 m、0.8 m和1.1 m处的释光年代分别为126±8 ka、145±15 ka和154±11 ka,因此该遗址上层石器文化层的年代为0.15~0.13 Ma;在剖面13.5 m处发现了B/M地磁极性倒转,同时结合磁化率曲线和野外地层,以及与黄土高原洛川剖面黄土-古土壤序列对比情况,我们推断下层石器文化层处于S_(7)古土壤层,年代约为0.78~0.71 Ma。吴家沟遗址剖面深度为9.0 m,在6.2 m处也出现了B/M地磁极性倒转,同样与黄土高原洛川剖面黄土-古土壤序列对比,我们推断其石器文化层也处于S_(7)古土壤层,年代与柳陂酒厂遗址下层石器文化层同期,约为0.78~0.71 Ma。这两处旧石器遗址出土的石制品特征与整个秦岭地区旧石器工业面貌一致,相关测年结果填补了秦岭地区中更新世早期古人类演化年代框架的薄弱环节,进一步丰富了我国同时期旧石器时代遗址点的数量,而且表明秦岭地区在约0.9~0.6 Ma阶段可能是我国古人类演化的核心区域。
In recent years,several Paleolithic sites in the Hanjiang River Valley at the southern foot of the Qinling Mountains have been discovered and studied.The dating of a few sites show their ages spanning the Early,Middle,and Late Pleistocene.However,in general,the age sequencing of the hominin sites in the Hanjiang River Valley remains unconfirmed.Several methods were used to date the Liubeijiuchang and Wujiagou sites in the Yunxian Basin,including the interpretation of magnetostratigraphy(rock magnetism,paleomagnetism,and environmental magnetism),loess-paleosol sequence,and successful application of optically stimulated luminescence(OSL)in the Quaternary loess accumulation.The Liubeijiuchang site(LBJC:32°49’49.89″N,110°44’26.11″E;180 m above sea level)and the Wujiagou site(WJG:32°49’55.42″N,110°45’20.58″E;182 m above sea level)are located in Liubei Town,Yunyang City,Shiyan City,Hubei Province.Both sites are on the third terrace of the Hanjiang River.The stratigraphic sequence of the Liubeijiuchang site has four layers of paleosol and three layers of loess,while that of the Wujiagou site has three layers of paleosol and two layers of loess.The profile thickness of the Liubeijiuchang site is 18.0 m.A total of 45 paleomagnetic directional samples were continuously collected at intervals of 20~50 cm,180 magnetic susceptibility test samples were continuously collected at an interval of 10cm,and three OSL samples were collected from the upper part of the profile.Meanwhile,31 paleomagnetic directional samples and 117 magnetic susceptibility test samples were continuously collected from the profile of the Wujiagou site(9.0 m).The OSL ages at 0.6 m,0.8 m,and 1.1 m of the Liubeijiuchang site profile are126±8 ka,145±15 ka,and 154±11ka,respectively.The results indicate that the samples are located in S;paleosol and L;loess layer,consistent with field stratigraphic descriptions.As such,we infer that the upper Paleolithic artifacts culture layer is approximately 0.15~0.13 Ma in age.At the same time,B/M geomagnetic polarity reversal was found at 13.5 m in this profile.On the basis of the comparison of the magnetic susceptibility,stratigraphic division in the field,and the typical Luochuan loess-paleosol sequence on the central Chinese Loess Plateau,we infer that the lower Paleolithic artifacts culture layer(above B/M geomagnetic polarity reversal)must be located in the S;paleosol layer.Therefore,the cultural layer is approximately 0.78~0.71 Ma in age.Similarly,the B/M geomagnetic polarity reversal was found at 6.2 m in the Wujiagou site profile.We then infer that the Paleolithic artifacts culture layer(above the B/M geomagnetic polarity reversal)must also be in the S;paleosol layer.In summary,the ages of the upper and lower Paleolithic artifacts culture layer of the Liubeijiuchang site are approximately 0.15~0.13 Ma and 0.78~0.71 Ma,respectively,while that of the Paleolithic artifacts culture layer at the Wujiagou site is approximately 0.78~0.71 Ma.In addition,according to the characteristics of artifacts collected from the surface and unearthed in the stratum,the lower Paleolithic industry of Liubeijiuchang and Wujiagou sites belong to the Old World ModelⅠ.Meanwhile,the upper Paleolithic industry of Liubeijiuchang site belongs to the Old World ModelⅡ.Notably,the accurate dating of the two sites not only fills in the weak links in the framework of the early Middle Pleistocene hominid chronology in the study area,but also increases the number of hominid and Paleolithic sites in China.