文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：一种北京城区避难场所可达性评价方法

英文题名：Spatial accessibility of emergency shelters in Beijing based on improved two-step floating catchment area method

作者：周爱华[1,2];张景秋[2];杜姗姗[2];何丹[2];付晓[2]

第一作者：周爱华

机构：[1]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院;[2]北京联合大学应用文理学院

第一机构：中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083

年份：2017

卷号：42

期号：1

起止页码：88-92

中文期刊名：测绘科学

外文期刊名：Science of Surveying and Mapping

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(41401199;41271185)

语种：中文

中文关键词：应急避难场所;可达性;改良两步移动搜寻法;入口供给;分段阈值;高斯距离衰减

外文关键词：emergency shelter; accessibility; improved two-step floating catchment area method; entrance supply; segmented distance threshold; Gaussian distance attenuation

摘要：针对传统两步移动搜寻法应用于避难场所可达性研究中存在的中心供给、统一阈值及无距离衰减的问题,提出了"入口供给、分段阈值、高斯距离衰减"的优化方案。入口供给更符合人类的认知规律,分段阈值则充分考虑了避难场所的面积因素,高斯距离衰减符合可达性随距离递减的规律。改良两步移动搜寻法能够较好地揭示城市应急避难场所与人口相互作用的规律。基于ArcGIS平台,将改良两步移动搜寻法应用于北京城区应急避难场所的可达性研究,获得更加真实、可靠的评价结果,展现了改良两步移动搜寻法在公共服务空间可达性评价方面的重要作用。
There are the problems of central supply,uniform threshold and non-distance attenuation in the emergency shelters accessibility study based on the traditional two-step floating catchment area method（2SFCA）.According to these problems,the optimization plan is put forward,which include entrance supply,segmentation threshold and Gaussian distance attenuation.Entrance supply is more in line with the law of human cognition,and segmentation threshold is fully considered in the shelter area,and Gaussian distance attenuation conforms to the regularity of accessibility with distance.The improved twostep floating catchment area method can better reveal the supply and demand relationship between emergency shelters and residents.Based on the ArcGIS platform,the improved two-step floating catchment area method is applied to research on spatial accessibility of Beijing emergency shelters,and more realistic and reliable evaluation results were obtained.Overall,the improved two-step floating catchment area method is an effective method for evaluating the accessibility.