文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：基于社会属性的北京市居民通勤满意度空间差异分析

英文题名：The Spatial Difference of Residents′Commuting Satisfaction in Beijing Based on Their Social Characteristics

作者：孟斌[1,2];湛东升[3];郝丽荣[3]

第一作者：孟斌

机构：[1]北京联合大学应用文理学院;[2]北京联合大学北京学研究所;[3]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

第一机构：北京联合大学应用文理学院

年份：2013

卷号：33

期号：4

起止页码：410-417

中文期刊名：地理科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Geographica Sinica

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2011】；CSCD:【CSCD2013_2014】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171136;40871079);北京市属高校人才强教计划资助项目(PHR201007146;PHR201108374);北京联合大学人才强校计划人才资助项目(BPHR2012E01)资助

语种：中文

中文关键词：通勤满意度;职住分离;空间格局;居住分异;北京

外文关键词：commuting satisfaction; home-work separation; spatial pattern; residential separation; Beijing

摘要：制度转型和城市空间重构背景下,中国城市居住和就业空间结构发生着巨大的变化,职住关系变化产生的职住分离及其引发的交通、环境问题逐渐受到重视。基于2005年、2010年两次大规模问卷调查数据,运用多元统计和空间探索分析方法对北京市城市居民通勤满意度的社会属性差异和空间分异进行了实证分析。研究发现:①2010年北京市居民通勤满意度总体较为满意,但与2005年相比,通勤满意度有所下降。②不同人群的通勤满意度差别明显。其中,一般平民和年轻打工族的通勤满意度相对较高,但年轻打工族对通勤不清楚或不关注的比例相对略高;而高收入阶层和年轻白领的通勤满意度相对较低。③通勤满意度的空间差异显著。通勤满意度较高的"热点区"主要集聚在内城、南城区域的个别街道,满意度较低的"冷点区"主要分布在城市远郊边缘街道;但在不同区域也零星存在通勤满意度得分的异质区域。
With the reform and opening up, China experienced a rapid growth during the past 30 years. At the same time, the urbanization level increased to nearly 50% at 2010. The transformation in China had provided a great opportunity for theoretical work on the urban study. The urban spatial structure had undergone tremendous change with housing reform too. The traffic problems such as longtime commute, traffic congestion and air pollutions that accompanied with the home-work separation are paid more attention now. Beijing, as the capital of China, is also faced these challenges. In this article, an empirical analysis focused on the difference of residents＇ commuting satisfaction in Beijing was done based on the large-scale survey data both in 2005 and 2010. The survey focused on the commute behaviors and the social-economic characteristics of the people worked in Beijing. We find out that the people can be divided into 4 groups by using Principal Component Analysis based on their socio-economic characteristics. The 4 groups are civilians in general, young migrant workers, high-income group and young white-collar workers. And then the spatial distribution of the 4 groups was tested by using Moran ＇s I. The results show that there are significant spatial autocorrelation in distribution of civilians in general and young white-collar workers. But the distribution of young migrant workers and high-income group are more random than spatial cluster. The hot spots of the cluster of the groups were found by LISA. General civilians mainly gather in western suburbs and young migrant workers mainly in urban cen- tral area or nearby Zhongguancun; high-income group also gather in urban center while young white-collars cluster are located in northern area of the city and the area near the East Fifth Ring Road. The difference of the commuting satisfaction among these groups is tested too. The results show that compared with 2005, the residents commute satisfaction has declined in Beijing in 2010. One reason may be the commuting time increased from 38.0 min to 43.6 min at the same time. The commuting satisfaction of civilians in general and young migrant workers is relatively higher while high-income group and young white-collar workers had lower satisfaction. The result shows that there is significant spatial difference of the residents＇ commuting satisfaction too. The hot spot with higher satisfaction clustered in the center area of the city, and the cool spot with lower satisfaction clustered in the suburbs area of the city. The spatial distribution of the groups can help to understand the pattern of the residents＇ commuting satisfaction.