文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：基于血脂数据变化的实验性高脂血症动物模型制备

英文题名：Establishment of blood lipids variation-based experimental hyperlipidemia animal model:a review

作者：宋琪[1];马于巽[1];张艳贞[1,2];陈文[1,2]

第一作者：宋琪

机构：[1]北京联合大学生物活性物质与功能食品北京市重点实验室,北京100191;[2]北京联合大学生物化学工程学院食品科学系

第一机构：北京联合大学应用文理学院

年份：2020

卷号：36

期号：11

起止页码：1566-1573

中文期刊名：中国公共卫生

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Public Health

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：北京联合大学生物活性物质与功能食品北京市重点实验室开放课题。

语种：中文

中文关键词：血脂异常;动物模型;甘油三酯(TG);胆固醇

外文关键词：dyslipidemia;animal model;triglyceride;cholesterol

摘要：目前,血脂异常已发展为全球性公共卫生问题,降脂活性物质的筛选及其作用机理研究受到广泛关注,而高脂血症模型制备是研究的前提。本文针对膳食成分、食品/环境污染因素、药物刺激等不同因素制备的动物模型,从建模中的血脂变化、诱导剂配比/剂量、造模机理、造模周期等方面进行文献综述。研究显示,自由摄食高脂饲料4~8周、灌胃脂肪乳剂4~6周可致动物脂质积累,蛋黄或脂肪乳剂注射则在2 h^2 d内引起动物血浆甘油三酯(TG)大幅升高;高脂/高糖诱导的秀丽隐杆线虫或斑马鱼高脂模型可作为降脂活性物质的快速筛选模型;食品污染物1,3-二氯-2-丙醇(1,3-DCP)和环境污染物重金属铅均可诱导稳定的混合型高脂血症;去污剂可制备急性模型,激素可诱导肾虚型高脂血症;先天性血脂异常及基因敲除模型则常用于深入的机理研究。高脂血症模型制备方法多样,各有优势与不足,需根据研究目的建立适宜/高效的高脂模型以研发天然降脂活性物质。
Nowaday,the prevalence of dyslipidemia has developed into a global public health problem.The screening of lipid-lowering active substances and the study of their mechanism have received extensive attention,and the establishment of hyperlipidemia model is the premise of relative studies.In the study,hyperlipidemic animal models established with different factors such as dietary composition,food/environmental pollution factors and drug stimulation are summarized and analyzed from the aspects of blood lipid changes,inducer ratio/dose,modeling mechanism and modeling cycle.It is shown that 4-8 weeks free feeding of high-fat diet and 4-6 weeks intragastric administration of fat emulsion can cause lipid accumulation in experimental animals;egg yolk or fat emulsion injection can cause a significant increase in plasma triglycide in animals within 2 hours-2 days.The high-fat/high-glucose-induced C.elegans or zebrafish high-fat model can be used as a rapid screening model for lipid-lowering actives.Both food contaminant 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol and environmental pollutant heavy metal lead can induce stable mixed hyperlipidemia;detergents Triton and poloxamer can induce an acute model with clear mechanism;and hormone can induce kidney deficiency type hyperlipidemia.Congenital dyslipidemia and gene knockout models are often applied to in-depth mechanistic studies.The establishment method of hyperlipidemia model has various advantages and disadvantages.It is necessary to establish a suitable/efficient high-fat model according to studies on the development of natural lipid-lowering active substances.