文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：周代郊天礼的起源、命名、时间及用牲考辨

英文题名：The Textual Research on the Origin,Naming,Time and Sacrifice of Jiao Tian Ritual of Zhou Dynasty

作者：李白[1]

第一作者：李白

机构：[1]北京联合大学旅游学院

第一机构：北京联合大学旅游学院

年份：2011

期号：8

起止页码：68-72

中文期刊名：历史教学：下半月

收录：CSSCI:【CSSCI2010_2011】；

语种：中文

中文关键词：郊天礼;起源;命名;郊天时间;用牲

外文关键词：Jiao Tian Ritual; Origin; Naming; Time for Jiao Tian; Sacrifice

摘要：周代的郊天礼起源于以各种具体目的对上帝进行的祭祀。郊天礼得名于祭祀的地点——"郊"。郊天的时间分为常例和特例两种:常例为每年冬至、孟春至仲春两个时段。特例是因重大事件而举行的临时祭祀,时间不固定。郊天的具体日期多用"辛日",其执行情况有两种可能:其一,常例用辛日,特例不用辛日。其二,周初时无固定的日期,后来选用辛日,至迟在春秋时期已经固定下来。郊天时用牲多以牛为主,且用一头牛,特例郊天时可增加用牛的数量,但不宜过多。
Jiao Tian Ritual of Zhou Dynasty originated from worshipping to God for different concrete pur-poses.Jiao Tian Ritual was named after the place where the worshipping ritual occurs-＇Jiao＇（suburb）.Jiao Tian has regular rituals and special rituals based on the time.Regular rituals take place in winter and spring.Special rituals take place for important occasions which is temporary worshipping and there is no fixed time for it.Xin days were often selected for Jiao Tian Rituals and there were two possibilities for implementing i.e.Xin days for regular rituals,Xin days not for spe-cial rituals;There were no fixed dates in early Zhou,later on Xin days were adopted and were fixed in Chun Qiu.The sacrifice was usually cows and was one cow.More cows could be used for special rituals but not too many.