文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：从国家祭祀场所到公共活动空间——关于活化北京七个祭坛公园的思考与建议

英文题名：From Places of State Worship to the Public Activity Space:Opinions on Activating the Seven Alter Parks in Beijing

作者：张勃[1]

第一作者：张勃

机构：[1]北京联合大学北京学研究所

第一机构：北京联合大学北京学研究所

年份：2013

卷号：11

期号：1

起止页码：59-65

中文期刊名：北京联合大学学报：人文社会科学版

收录：;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;CSSCI:【CSSCI_E2012_2013】；

基金：2011年度北京市优秀人才培养资助项目"北京传统礼仪空间的当代应用研究--以七坛为例"(项目编号:2011D005022000011);2011年度国家社科基金项目"中国传统礼仪文化形态与当代社会生活规范研究"(项目编号:11BSH002)

语种：中文

中文关键词：国家祭祀;国家祭祀场所;祭坛;公共活动空间

外文关键词：state worship; places of state worship; alter; the public activity space

摘要：明清时期兴建于北京内的天坛、地坛、日坛、月坛、社稷坛、先农坛、先蚕坛等祭坛,本是国家祭祀场所,进入民国以后,均被辟为公园,成为公共活动空间。这一变化反映了中国社会在辛亥革命之后发生的根本性变革。进入21世纪以来,一些仪式活动和仪式表演活动重新出现在祭坛公园中,这是对祭坛公园的活化,具有存在的合理性和积极意义。为了更好地促进祭坛公园在传统礼仪文化传播和当前礼仪重建方面发挥更大作用,有必要厘清存在的问题,并采取如下对策加以解决:一是加强礼仪文化研究,汲取他国在活化礼仪空间方面的经验;二是活化祭坛公园,不仅要有仿古的仪式表演,还要有真正的仪式;三是区别对待仪式和仪式表演,并将仪式和仪式表演的进行与社区建设结合起来;四是采取整体眼光,强化延续祭祀传统的意识和实践。
Heaven Alter,Earth alter,Sun Alter,Moon Alter,Sheji Alter,Xiannong Alter and Xiancan Alter in Beijing were built in the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.In the period,they were places of state worship.After the foundation of the Republic of China,they were changed to alter parks and became the public activity spaces.The change represented the radical change of Chinese society.In the 21st century,some rituals and ritual performances appear in the alter parks and this is the activation of the seven alter parks.To promote the seven alter parks play a greater role on the diffusion of traditional ritual culture and the reconstruction of ritual,it is necessary to strengthen research and find the problems to be solved.4 suggestions are presented in this paper.The first suggestion is to strengthen research on the ritual culture and derive experience from other countries.The second is that both rituals and ritual performances are needed to design and cooperation with community construction is wanted.The third is that rituals and ritual performances require different treatments according to their different nature.And the last is seven alters in Beijing should be considered as seven different but related parts of a whole and rituals or rituals performances in the alter parks should be designed to continue the ancient Chinese worship tradition.