文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：磨制石器的量化分类方法初探——以中锋端刃器的分类为例

英文题名：A Preliminary Study on Classification of Polished Stone Tools with Quantitative Methods:Using Symmetrical Side Edge Axes as Case Study

作者：黄可佳[1]

第一作者：黄可佳

机构：[1]北京联合大学考古学研究中心

第一机构：北京联合大学应用文理学院

年份：2016

卷号：0

期号：1

起止页码：101-112

中文期刊名：东方考古

外文期刊名：East Asia Archaeology

基金：北京市教委项目“北京及周边区域先秦玉石器研究”(编号:SM201211417001)资助

语种：中文

中文关键词：研究;端刃器;器物;无法;石器;分类

摘要：磨制石器的分类定名是对石器进行整理研究的首要步骤。分类的目的是为了简化,将某些器物进行归类,并在此基础上进行研究。分类本身也是研究,分类的方法和标准不同,反映了人类对某种事物的认识程度不同。有关磨制石器分类的研究,同对磨制石器的研究情况类似,过去学术界都重视不够。在分类时多依据直觉进行分类,随意性很大,往往没有介绍分类的依据、标准和顺序,导致无法在不同种类器物间进行对比。
This article explores the classification problems of polished stone tools and considers that the former scholars have not attached enough importance to the study.In detail,former classification relies more on intuition and is conducted casually without introduction of basis,standard or logical order,which sets up barriers to comparing with other kind of implements.The purpose of study on classification of polished stone tools is to rebuild classification system of ancient people at their living age,to some degree,which is followed by exploring their thoughts about manufacture,usage and circulation of stone tools.The classification system can be various with differences among areas or cultural traditions.Therefore,guided by research purpose,a dynamic way of classification is considered a better method than static one.If the research purpose aims to discuss the changes of stone tools type in different ages,it is acceptable to try different classifications with combination of variable quantities,and to evaluate which kind of classification reflects more on the differences of age.Besides,theoretical assumption,persistent experiment of possible variable quantities,and the transition from static single classification to dynamic variable way of experimental classification can contribute to rebuild ancient people’s classification system of polished stone tools.To testify the effectiveness of classification should also satisfy specific research purpose.Such standards as to explore the evolution of implements,or reflect function of them can be taken for examples.When classifying,scholars have to decide classification principles according to their purposes while pay enough attention to the context of stone tools,which may represent different functions or cultural meanings.It seems to be easier and easier to realize ways of classification that used to be hard to imagine,with the help of improvement of all kinds of statistical software.Taking the classification of stone axes unearthed in Nanyang Basin as an example,this article gives detailed exploration of classified ways of polished stone tools.It points out classification results of stone tools with quantitative analysis,factor analysis and cluster analysis,and then studies the evolution in terms of morphology and techniques of stone tools.The classification of polished stone tools is a process with multiple attempts,which never end with a certain perfect way but a relatively proper and effective way for a specific aimed problem.Several plans can be designed for a same problem.Moreover,what firstly seem completely irrelevant shows some kind of regulation or order after classification,which could help us reach closer to reveal the real ancient people’s classification system of stone tools.